Liberia is Africa's Oldest Republic South Sudan is the Newest

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Liberia is Africa's oldest Republic since July 1847 and in July 2012, South Sudan became the newest African Republic. 

Africa rests on both sides of the equator the range of climate and soil conditions on the continent Africa has created a diverse continent which any map of Africa cannot sufficiently document.

Daily life in Mamobi neighborhood in Accra, Ghana

North Africa South Africa West Africa East Africa  Central Africa

Africa’s geography is as diverse as its food from the Sahara and Kalahari deserts, tropical regions, subarctic snow-capped volcanic Mount Kilimanjaro, to savannas, plains, and rain forests. The range of climate and soil conditions in Africa has created a diversity of vegetables, fruits, wild and domesticated animals.

Africa is the only continent to extend from the northern temperate to southern temperate zones. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Suez Canal and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. 

Listing of the countries of Africa by regions

People of Africa

Eastern Africa

·       Burundi

·       Comoros

·       Djibouti

·       Eritrea

·       Ethiopia

·       Kenya

·       Madagascar

·       Malawi

·       Mauritius

·       Mozambique

·       Reunion

·       Rwanda

·       Seychelles

·       Somalia

·       Uganda

Two girls from the village of Suleja
which is a city in Niger State, Nigeria

·       Tanzania

·       Zambia

·       Zimbabwe

Central (middle) Africa

·       Angola

·       Cameroon

·       Central African Republic

·       Chad

·       Congo

·       Democratic Republic of the Congo

·       Equatorial Guinea

·       Gabon

·       Sao Tome and Principe

Friends playing chess in Kampala the
capital and largest city of Uganda.

Northern Africa

·       Algeria

·       Egypt

·       Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (Libya)

·       Morocco

·       Sudan

·       South Sudan

·       Tunisia

Southern Africa

·       Botswana

·       Lesotho

·       Namibia

·       South Africa

·       eSwatini

Western Africa

·       Benin

·       Burkina Faso

·       Republic of Cabo Verde

Teacher Elizabeth Toe teaches class at Billy Town Primary
 in Brewerville, Montserrado County, Liberia

·       Côte d'Ivoire

·       The Gambia

·       Ghana

·       Guinea

·       Guinea-Bissau

·       Liberia

·       Mali

·       Mauritania

·       Niger

·       Nigeria

·       Senegal

·       Sierra Leone

·       Togo

Did you know
A Republic is a country that is governed by elected leaders rather than by a king or queen.

Part of our African Geography Hub — discover how Africa’s land, people, and natural features shape its story.