The Power of Twa Naming: Identity, Tradition, and Activism
In Central Africa, a Twa child receives their first name in a private, sacred ceremony, witnessed only by close family. The Twa people, often labeled as “Pygmies” by outsiders, have long been marginalized, yet their naming traditions remain a profound expression of their identity. What does it mean when the world imposes names on those it seeks to define?
The term “Pygmy” itself is a label of external origin, used by colonizers and anthropologists to categorize these diverse, forest-dwelling peoples based on their physical stature. However, within their own communities, the Twa do not view themselves through this lens. They name their children based on meaningful events, ancestral lineage, or unique traits, ensuring that each name carries a story—one of belonging and purpose. These names are a form of personal and communal identification that transcend the limitations imposed by outsiders.
The original name given to the Twa, “Pygmy,” emerges from a long history of misunderstanding and dehumanization. Anthropologists, in their search for simplicity, grouped the Twa under this term, associating it with the Greek word for "dwarf" due to their shorter stature. But in doing so, they disregarded the complexity of the Twa’s culture, history, and spiritual beliefs. These labels reduced the richness of a diverse people to a physical characteristic, neglecting the deeper truths embedded in their traditional names.
But how do the Twa themselves view these names? To them, names carry a connection to the spirit world, to their ancestors, and to the land that nourishes them. When asked about the term “Pygmy,” many respond with disdain, asserting that it strips them of their humanity. For the Twa, names hold power—they define their roles, their relationships, and their very existence. When someone else names them, they feel robbed of agency and dignity.
The Twa are an indigenous people of the Great Lakes region of Central Africa. They are also known as Batwa, Mutwa, Abatwa, or Ge-Sera. The Twa are considered to be some of the earliest inhabitants of the region. They can be found in Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Zambia.
As we reflect on the naming of the Twa, we must ask ourselves: How often do we allow others to define us by their labels, forgetting the power of self-naming? What happens when we take back the right to tell our own stories, in our own words? Share your thoughts, and let’s explore the layers of meaning behind the names we wear and the ones we are given.
Well-Known Twa Figures Who Amplify Their Culture
While the Twa (Pygmy) people are often overlooked in historical records, several individuals and communities have gained recognition for their contributions, cultural significance, or activism. Here are a few well-known Twa figures:
- Benedict Lwamba – A Twa leader from the Democratic Republic of Congo who became known for advocating the rights of the Twa people and speaking out against their marginalization.
- Djoumou Kadiro – A Twa activist and leader in the Central African Republic, Kadiro is recognized for his efforts to fight for the cultural preservation and social rights of the Twa.
- Kembélé – A Twa musician from the Central African Republic, Kembélé’s work has highlighted the cultural richness of the Twa and brought attention to the struggles they face.
- Lwaolo Pygmée – A well-known Twa artist, Lwaolo is celebrated for his visual art that draws from Twa culture and the natural environment in which they live.
- Monique Mbeka – A Twa woman from the Democratic Republic of Congo who gained attention for her work in preserving the heritage and traditions of the Twa people, particularly through storytelling and oral history.
Though the Twa remain largely underrepresented in global history, these figures have made important strides in raising awareness of their culture, advocating for social justice, and preserving their unique heritage. Many Twa communities continue to face challenges, but these individuals are helping to amplify their voices.
